{"id":572,"date":"2019-12-01T22:08:03","date_gmt":"2019-12-01T22:08:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.exploreaccess.org\/refocus2\/?page_id=572"},"modified":"2020-06-04T23:25:55","modified_gmt":"2020-06-04T23:25:55","slug":"history","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.exploreaccess.org\/refocus2\/foundations\/history\/","title":{"rendered":"History"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introduction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><em>We cannot and should not root the origin of our history solidly in the 20th century since there has been an eternal existence of chronic disease and disability and also personal, social, and political attempts both to deal with and to deny them.&nbsp; Without this sense of history, there is no societal or even personal appreciation of the depth of the fear of disability.  Without appreciation of the depth of the fear of disability, there is a naivete that \u201cwrongs\u201d about disability can be \u201crighted\u201d by single actions like the ADA.&nbsp; Without recognition of its presence through both time and space we will seek the elimination and prevention of disability as our primary goals rather than its integration, acceptance, and ultimately, its appreciation. <\/em><br><\/p><cite>Irving Zola <\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"ticss-27c0a4a1 wp-block-list\"><li>Disabled people have shared a history of oppression and marginalization.<\/li><li>Although there are variations in response to disability across time and cultures, there are common themes and patterns of euthanasia, sterilization, segregation, institutionalization, segregation, abuse, neglect, and stigma.<\/li><li>Policies and practices remain that serve to control and marginalize disabled people \u2013 not invisible, but often not fully visible to the untrained observer.<\/li><li>Understanding the history of marginalization and oppression helps to illuminate the ways that these patterns persist in current responses to disability.<\/li><li>Understanding the struggle for civil rights helps us to appreciate the significance of access and inclusion.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Read, Engage, Reflect<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Read<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ru.org\/index.php\/human-rights\/315-the-history-of-disability-a-history-of-otherness\"><strong>History of Disability:&nbsp; A History of Otherness<\/strong><\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Engage<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.museumofdisability.org\"><strong>Museum of Disability History<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.disabilityhistory.org\"><strong>Disability Social History Project<\/strong><\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=52XqupjXHIM\"><strong>Video: The Power of 504<\/strong><\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reflect<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"ticss-3952845b wp-block-list\"><li>What main points do you take away from engaging with these materials?<\/li><li>What is their significance?<\/li><li>What is the connection between key historical activities and the status of disabled people today?&nbsp;<\/li><li>Do you think rigid eligibility requirements and complex accommodations process are what disability activists were fighting for?<\/li><li>What role have service professionals played in the history of disability?<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Why Does This Matter?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-background ticss-e2b6abdc\" style=\"background-color:#bfe2f1\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><em><strong>Service providers who understand disability history and oppression tend to:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"ticss-77f342d7 wp-block-list\"><li>Recognize oppression, marginalization and discrimination in minority groups<\/li><li>Recognize and explore the role of their personal and professional power and privilege<\/li><li>Collaborate with allies to organize speakers and events that celebrate and respect diversity and difference<\/li><li>Challenge the campus community to appreciate diversity and difference&nbsp;<\/li><li>Discuss design strategies with faculty when addressing barriers in course design<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>Service providers who do not understand or appreciate disability history and oppression tend to:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"ticss-0402c76b wp-block-list\"><li>Organize disability awareness activities that include simulation and information that problematizes disability<\/li><li>Disregard the role of their personal and professional power and privilege<\/li><li>Ignore information on the history of oppression and discrimination of disabled people<\/li><li>Focus on attributes of the student instead of design  when communicating with faculty<\/li><li>Establish policies and procedures designed to manage the workload for staff and faculty with little thought of the impact on students<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.exploreaccess.org\/refocus2\/foundations\/disability-studies\/\"><strong>Next Page: Disability Studies<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction We cannot and should not root the origin of our history solidly in the 20th century since there has been an eternal existence of chronic disease and disability and also personal, social, and political attempts both to deal with and to deny them.&nbsp; Without this sense of history, there is no societal or even&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.exploreaccess.org\/refocus2\/foundations\/history\/\" rel=\"bookmark\">Read More &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">History<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":336,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"full-width","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"on","neve_meta_content_width":100,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","neve_meta_reading_time":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-572","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>History - Refocus 2.0<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.exploreaccess.org\/refocus2\/foundations\/history\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"History - Refocus 2.0\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Introduction We cannot and should not root the origin of our history solidly in the 20th century since there has been an eternal existence of chronic disease and disability and also personal, social, and political attempts both to deal with and to deny them.&nbsp; 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